Tax calculator UK
Use this fast, accurate tax calculator UK to estimate Income Tax, National Insurance and take-home pay. Choose your tax year, pay frequency, and employment type—results update instantly.
Your situation
England & Wales rules. Pension reduces adjusted net income for Personal Allowance taper. Scotland bands differ.
| Band | Taxable at band | Rate | Tax due |
|---|
| Band | Earnings in band | Rate | NI |
|---|
How this tax calculator UK works
This tax calculator UK estimates your take-home pay by applying the Personal Allowance and banded tax rates for the selected tax year. It also calculates National Insurance and shows a line-by-line breakdown so you can see where every pound goes.
Steps used in the calculation
- Adjusted net income: gross income minus pension contributions.
- Personal Allowance: £12,570 for most people, tapered by £1 for every £2 above £100,000 (down to £0 at £125,140).
- Taxable income: adjusted income minus the Personal Allowance.
- Apply tax bands: 20% basic rate, then 40%, then 45% (limits vary by tax year).
- National Insurance: calculated separately on earnings above thresholds (different for employed vs self-employed).
- Net pay: gross income minus total tax and NI. Frequency view (monthly/weekly/daily) is derived from annual net pay.
Income tax bands and thresholds
For England & Wales, this tool uses the correct income tax bands for each selected year. Scotland uses different rates and bands.
2024/25 bands
- Basic rate (20%) on taxable income up to £37,700
- Higher rate (40%) to £125,140
- Additional rate (45%) above £125,140
2023/24 bands
- Basic rate (20%) up to £37,700
- Higher rate (40%) to £125,140
- Additional rate (45%) above £125,140
2022/23 bands
- Basic rate (20%) up to £37,700
- Higher rate (40%) to £150,000
- Additional rate (45%) above £150,000
National Insurance explained
Our tax calculator UK shows NI separately so you can compare tax vs NI. Employed people pay Class 1 NI; self-employed pay Class 4 (Class 2 not included here).
2024/25 NI used in this tool
- Employed: 8% between £12,570–£50,270, then 2% above
- Self-employed (Class 4): 6% between £12,570–£50,270, then 2% above
Earlier years
- 2023/24 employed 10% then 2%; self-employed 9% then 2%
- 2022/23 employed 12% then 2%; self-employed 9% then 2%
Useful links
Fixed-fee filing with expert support.
What is a P60?Understand your end-of-year certificate.
What is a P45?Leaving a job? Here’s what to do next.
GOV.UK: Income TaxOfficial UK guidance on rates and allowances.
GOV.UK: National InsuranceHow NI is calculated and paid.
Self Assessment DealinesDeadlines, payments and penalties.
FAQs — Tax calculator UK
Is the Personal Allowance included?
Yes. The £12,570 allowance is built in and tapers above £100,000 of adjusted net income.
Does it support Scotland?
This version models England & Wales. Ask us to add the Scottish bands if you need them.
Can I see monthly and weekly figures?
Yes. Use the frequency selector to switch between annual, monthly, weekly and daily.
Are pension contributions considered?
Yes. Enter gross annual pension contributions. These reduce your adjusted net income and can restore the Personal Allowance.
Is National Insurance included?
Yes. Employed and self-employed NI are calculated (Class 2 not included).